Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - Volume 120 - Supplement 1

syndrome. Furthermore, 23% of the females had polycystic

ovarian syndrome.

Conclusion:

In our cohort, type 2 diabetes is more common in

girls. Most of our patients are picked up by screening. Family

history of type 2 diabetes is very common. And a significant

portion of our patients already has comorbidities at diagnosis.

There are limitations in our retrospective cohort study. A

diabetes registry is the way forward to better understand the

characteristics of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Hence, a one-stop clinic for cardiometabolic health can be

planned for our next generations.

PB-22

Association of glucokinase regulator genetic variant and

metabolic syndrome in Taiwanese adolescents

Hsiao-Wen CHANG

, Chang-Hsun HSIEH

Department of

Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital,

Kaohsiung,

Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General

Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan

Background:

Variants of the glucokinase regulator (GCKR) gene

are associated with components of the metabolic syndrome

(MetS). This study explores the association between a common

variant of this gene and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its

related traits in a population of Taiwanese adolescents.

Methods:

The prevalence of MetS and its components were

compared between individuals (962 adolescents; 468 boys, 497

girls) with different genotypes or alleles of the GCKR rs780094

single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Logistic regression

analysis was performed to explore the independent roles of

MetS and metabolic traits.

Results:

Subjects with the T-allele had a higher prevalence of

low HDL-C and MetS than did those with the C-allele (p = 0.009

and 0.044, respectively). Subjects with T-carrying genotypes

had a higher prevalence of low HDL-C (p = 0.028) but a similar

prevalence of MetS as compared to those with non

–

T-carrying

genotypes. After adjusting for confounding factors, the odds

ratio (OR) for low HDL-C in subjects with T-carrying genotypes

was 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07

–

2.53). Similarly, the

OR for MetS prevalence in subjects with T-carrying genotypes

was 2.79 (95% CI: 1.09

–

7.11).

Conclusions:

The GCKR rs780094 polymorphism is associated

with low HDL-C levels and MetS in a Taiwanese adolescent

population.

PB-23

Potent anti-obesity effect of acetate; acetate may alter the

expression of genes involved in beige adipogenesis in obese

KK-Ay mice

Hiroyuki MOTOSHIMA

*, Satoko HANATANI

, Yuki TAKAKI

Shuji KAWASAKI

, Motoyuki IGATA

, Takafumi SENOKUCHI

Norio ISHII

, Junji KAWASHIMA

, Daisuke KUKIDOME

Tatsuya KONDO

, Takeshi MATSUMURA

, Eiichi ARAKI

Department of Molecular Diabetology, Faculty of Life Sciences,

Kumamoto University,

Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of

Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan

Potent anti-obesity effect of acetate; acetate may alter the

expression of genes involved in beige adipogenesis in obese

KK-Ay mice.

Recently, overweight and obesity rates have been increasing in

Asian countries and Asians tend to have higher amounts of

abdominal fat at lower body mass indexes. Carrying higher

amounts of abdominal fat is associatedwith increasing risks of

a number of health problems including insulin resistance,

hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, type

2 diabetesmellitus as well as cardiovascular diseases. Notably,

recent animal experiments revealed that induction of

“

brown-

ing of white adipose tissue (WAT)

”

“

thermogenic beige

adipogenesis in visceral WAT

”

appears as a powerful strategy

to combat obesity and obesity-associated complications

including insulin resistance and diabetes.

Among short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), acetate is the most

abundant end product generated by colonic fermentation of

undigested carbohydrates, and it is detected in the systemic

circulation. Oral administration of acetate has been reported to

suppress weight gain and postprandial plasma glucose levels

in rodents and human. Although several molecular mechan-

isms including activation of AMP-activated protein kinase

(AMPK) as beneficial effects of acetate are proposed, its

potential effects on the beige adipogenesis in visceral WAT

has not been investigated.

In the present study, we examined the effects of acetate

administration in KK-Ay mice, and show that acetate reduced

food efficiency ratio, increased whole-body oxygen consump-

tion rate, and improved glucose tolerance of KK-Ay mice. In

both epididymal WAT from acetate-treated mice and differ-

entiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes incubated with acetate, the

elevatedmRNA expression of PRDM16, PGC1

and PPAR

(all of

which involve in the differentiation into beige adipocytes) and

of beige-adipocyte selective markers TMEM26 and CD137 were

observed. In differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, treatment

with acetate did not increase phosphorylation of either AMPK

or acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and an inhibitor of AMPK failed to

inhibit acetate-induced elevations in gene expression men-

tioned above.

In conclusion, these observations suggest that acetate may

alter the gene expression involved in thermogenic beige

adipogensesis in an AMPK-independent manner in obese

diabetic KK-Ay mice and may provide a potential therapeutic

strategy to fight obesity.

PB-24

Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with increased

mortality in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes

mellitus

Hitomi MIYAKE

, Ippei KANAZAWA

*, Toshitsugu SUGIMOTO

Internal Medicine 1 Ahimane University Faculty of Medicine, Japan

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is known to be associated with

deteriorated quality of life as well as increased mortality.

Previous studies have shown that low skeletal muscle mass is

associated with all-cause mortality in elderly population.

Although patients with type 2 diabetes are reported to have

lower muscle mass of limbs than healthy people, little is

known about the association between muscle mass reduction

and mortality in type 2 diabetes. In this study, we thus

examined the association between skeletal musclemass index

(SMI) and all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women with

type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods:

This is a historical cohort study with the end-point

of all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women with type 2

diabetes. We recruited 141 postmenopausal women with type

2 diabetes whose appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)

were previously evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorpti-

ometry at Shimane University Hospital. Asian Working

Group for Sarcopenia suggested that SMI is calculated by the

following formula; ASM/height2, and its reference value in

Asian women is 5.4 kg/m

. The participants were observed up

to 7 years from the start of this study, and the association

between SMI at baseline andmortality ratewas examined. The

association between all-cause mortality and SMI was explored

using the Kaplan-Meier method, the logrank test, and Cox

regression analysis.

Results:

At the entry of this study, mean age and duration of

diabetes were 66.1 and 11.6 years, respectively. Of 141

postmenopausal women, 17 died during the follow-up period

(average time: 6.2 years). Dead patients were significantly older

and had longer duration of diabetes compared to survivors

(74.9 ± 7.1 v.s 64.9 ± 9.6 years old, and 18.2 ± 12.1 v.s 10.6 ± 9.6

years, respectively). SMI was significantly lower in dead

patients than in survivors (5.93 ± 0.94 kg/m

v.s 6.46 ± 0.85 kg/

, p = 0.019). Unadjusted survival analyses indicated that

Poster Presentations / Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 120S1 (2016) S65

–

S211

S83