Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - Volume 120 - Supplement 1 - October 2016

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visiting doctors. Doctors ’ association shared the knowledge of
taking urinal albumin regularly for early detection of diabetic
nephropathy, recommending their patients to visit ophthal-
mologists and dentists, evaluating patients’ effort of lifestyle
modification and adjusting their medication appropriately.
PE-06
Frequency of using eye care among persons with diabetes and
diabetic retinopathy in DIY: A rural-urban comparison
Atika SAFITRI 1*, M.B. SASONGKO2. 1Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah
Mada University, 2Department of Ophthalmology, Gadjah Mada
University, Indonesia
Background: Diabetic Retinopathy is a microvascular compli-
cation of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness. Having
annual eye examination routinely is a key to reduce the risk of
blindness among persons with diabetes. However, poor
compliance is common in many areas.
Purpose: To compare the use of eye care among diabetic
patients in urban and rural area of DIY, Indonesia.
Method: This was a community-based cross sectional study,
involving all adults with diabetes type 2. We obtained all socio-
demographic characteristics, behavior towards general and
eye care, and history of past illnesses through interview. Each
patient underwent fundus examination. Chi square was used
for statistical analysis.
Results: 1092 participants with DM type II were participated
and divided into 2 categories, 488 from urban and 605 from
rural. There were 38.4% urban participants and 45.9% rural
participants were known having retinopathy diabetic (RD). Of
these, only 3.3% of urban patients and 2.6% of rural patients
reported to have had regular eye check on monthly basis, 2.2%
of urban patients and 2.2% of rural patients were on 3 –6
monthly basis. Nearly all participants in urban (83.6%) and
rural (86.9%) area had never had an eye examination. There
were no significant differences regarding the use of eye care in
urban and rural population (p = 0.707). Meanwhile, nearly all
participants in urban (95.3%) and rural (95.5%) visit physician
routinely to control their diabetes (p = 0.284)
Conclusion: There are no significant differences between
urban and rural person with diabetes regarding the use of
eye care. Nearly all of population with diabetes in urban and
rural area of DIY, Indonesia has never used eye care. Thus,
barrier to eye care services needs to be identified.
PE-07
Campaign held for clinic outpatients to visit an
ophthalmologist at least once a year
Asako MURAI 1*, Teuko KONISHI1, Mayumi HAKOGI1,
Reiko TOKUNAGA 2, Yuko WATANABE1, Yoshiaki KAWAGOE1,
Hitomi FUJII 1, Takaichi MIYAKAWA2. 1Tama-Center Mirai Clinic,
2 Kunitachi Mirai Clinic, Japan
Our clinic has six diabetologists, but no ophthalmologists.
We seek effective network with local ophthalmologists.
We usually use a small “Diabetes Notebook” and attached
“ Diabetes Notebook for the Eyes” to show their complication
data with their present glycemic control status and to share
with the patients’ ophthalmologists and our clinic. We
investigated the adherence of checking eye complications
and obstacles against the regular visit. We also made posters,
“ Let ’s to the eye doctor ”, talked to our patients for three
months during this campaign.
We administered a questionnaire about checking eye compli-
cations. Consent was obtained by writing down the answers
from 1175 diabetes patients (715 male and 462 female). The
average age was 61.2 (SD 12.6) years old, and duration of illness
was 12.3 (9.0) years.
75 (n = 832) % of patients have visited ophthalmologists
in a year. The reasons which they chose most were “A: by
recommendation (of our clinic)”, “B: the complication will
silently progress”, “C: had symptoms” respectively. The longer
their duration of illness, the more they answered B, and less
duration, the more they answered A (Chi-squire test; p < 0.05).
The utility rate of notebooks was 54% (from Ophthalmologist
to our clinic) and 59% (from our clinic to ophthalmologist). 56%
of the patients chose B used the notebook as a tool, and 64% of
patients answered A did so (p < 0.01). The most chosen reason
of no visit was “not enough time” and those who chose this
was younger than those who chose other reasons (51.9 vs.
62.1 y/o; t-test p < 0.0001). 44 out of 509 patients who answered
that they did not have retinopathy actually had (Simple 39,
Pre-Proliferative 2, stopped PDR 3). 97.3% of the patients
who visited ophthalmologists answered they will go this
year, too. However, 2.7% rejected going because they “ do not
understand the necessity” and had “already been operated
on”. More than half of the patients were told when they should
come again.
The rate of regular visits to ophthalmologists was relatively
high. The longer they have had diabetes, the deeper they have
understood about their disease and how it is tied up with the
behavior of the regular visit. However not all the patients
correctly understood their status of retinopathy. Therefore
sharing the “notebook” among patients, diabetologists and
ophthalmologists is considered to be efficacious to obtain the
facts and deepens education on diabetes from two directions;
ophthalmologists and diabetologists.
PE-08
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 is associated with
carotid plaque score in patients with type 2 diabetes and
hypertension
Yi-Mei WANG1*, Wen-Jane LEE2, Wayne H.-H. SHEU3.
1Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital,
Yun-Lin Branch, 2Department of Medical Research, Taichung
Veterans General Hospital, 3Division of Endocrinology and
Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans
General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hyperten-
sion (HTN) are associated with an increased risk of premature
death from stroke. Early identifications of those T2DMpatients
with HTN at high risk of stroke with subsequent interventions
are important. It is known that carotid artery plaque score
(CPS) is an independent predictor of stroke.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine
whether there is an association between CPS and cardiovas-
cular risk factors in patients with T2DM and HTN.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a total of 82
subjects with T2DM and HTN who had no apparent history of
cerebro-cardiovascular disease. After careful clinical examina-
tions and biochemical evaluations, the enrolled subjects
underwent ultrasonography of both carotid arteries to detect
presence of plaque. The total CPS reflected the total number of
sites with plaques and ranged from 0 to 6 (each of the CCAs,
bifurcations, and ICAs, bilaterally). We used linear regression
models to assess the relationship between cardiovascular risk
factors and CPS in studied subjects.
Results: The mean age of subjects with T2DM and HTN was
63.3 ± 7.5 years and the mean duration of diabetes was
12.4 ± 6.8 years. The mean CPS value was 3.5 ± 2.0. We found
that values of CPS had statistically significantly correlations
with the age (r = 0.44, p < 0.001), duration of diabetes (r = 0.300,
p = 0.006), body mass index (BMI) (r = −0.310, p = 0.005),
smoking (r = 0.194, p = 0.08), systolic blood pressure (SBP)
(r = 0.275, p = 0.01), pulse pressure (PP) (r = 0.302, p = 0.006),
mean arterial pressure (MAP) (r = 0.309, p = 0.005), red blood cell
count (RBC) (r = −0.239, p = 0.03), heamtocrit (Hct) (− 0.191,
p = 0.09), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (r = 0.203, p = 0.07), log
homocysteine (log Hcy) (r = 0.225, p = 0.04), tissue inhibitor of
metallopeptidase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) (r = 0.396, p = 0.002),
estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = −0.237, p = 0.03),
Poster Presentations / Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 120S1 (2016) S65–S211 S133