Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - Volume 120 - Supplement 1 - October 2016

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provide novel therapeutic targets to manage metabolic
syndrome in the future.
S17-2
Environmental pollutants and cardiovascular diseases
Lars LIND 1, Monica LIND1. 1Department of Medical Sciences,
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
There is now compelling evidences both from epidemiological
and experimental studies that a large number of environ-
mental contaminants with endocrine disrupting properties
could be involved in the development of several of the classical
risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as diabetes,
hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia and the metabolic
syndrome. Furthermore, both epidemiological and experimen-
tal studies have shown that environmental contaminants
from different chemical classes, such as PCBs, dioxins,
phthalates and some toxic metals could be involved in
atherosclerosis development, and the progression of athero-
sclerosis to lipid-rich, rupture-prone vulnerable atheroscler-
otic plaque.
It is therefore not surprising that several lines of evidences
in humans point to the fact that environmental conta-
minants also could be involved in cardiovascular diseases.
Data will be presented from accidents with massive contam-
ination of a population, ecological data on human samples
living close to contaminated places, occupational data for
workers exposed to high levels of certain environmental
contaminants being produced and classical epidemiolo-
gical data on the associations between circulating levels of
environmental contaminants and prevalent and incident
cardiovascular disease in cross-sectional and prospective
studies.
In conclusion, there is today so many studies pointing towards
associations between background exposure to environ-
mental contaminants and cardiovascular risk factors as well
as atherosclerosis and overt cardiovascular disease that
these evidences must be taken seriously, and as a conse-
quence actions to reduce the human burden of environmental
contaminants have to be taken.
S17-3
Are persistent organic pollutants a common soil of type 2
diabetes and type 3 diabetes (dementia)?
Duk-Hee LEE1. 1Department of Preventive Medicine, School of
Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
Chronic exposure to low doses of persistent organic pollutants
(POPs) has emerged as a new risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
They are stored in the adipose tissue as typical strong
lipophilic chemicals and move through the body with the
serum lipids. POPs are mechanistically involved in the well-
known association between obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Meanwhile, it is known that peoplewith type 2 diabetes and its
related conditions have a higher risk of developing dementia
with aging. Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of
dementia, is sometimes called as “type 3 diabetes”. Currently,
possible mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes and type 3
diabetes are insulin resistance and deficiency which can
interact with amyloid-β protein and tau protein phosphoryl-
ation, each of which leads to the onset and development of
Alzheimer ’s disease. However, chronic exposure to low doses
of POPs can be a common risk factor for type 2 diabetes and
dementia.
In several recent epidemiological studies, it was found that
background exposure to POPs, especially organochlorine pesti-
cides, was strongly related to the risk of cognitive impairment
and dementia. In addition, the risk of aging or hypertension-
related cognitive impairment was found to be higher when
the elderly had high serum concentrations of organochlorine
pesticides. As organochlorine pesticides are well-known
neurotoxins at high doses, these findings may be biologically
plausible. Even though exposure levels in the current general
population are very low, current elders represent the first
generation exposed to these chemicals during most of their
life-time.
Even though insulin-related mechanisms are commonly
investigated to associate these 2 very important diseases,
here, we suggest a “common soil hypothesis” postulating that
type 2 diabetes and dementia share common environmen-
tal antecedents such as exposure to POPs. Of importance,
POPs can explain puzzling findings in obesity, weight loss, and
dementia.
S17-4
Endocrine disrupting chemicals and risk of type 2 diabetes and
cardiovascular disease: Focused on phthalates and
perfluorinated chemicals
Ta-Chen SU1.1Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular
Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
A growing number of reports show that endocrine disrupting
chemicals (EDCs) are associated with cardiovascular disease
(CVD) risk factors. Information regarding the association
between EDCs and CVDs are limited. Furthermore, there is
no clear mechanism linking the atherogenic risk after
phthalates or perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) exposure.
From 2006 to 2008, we recruited 886 subjects in adolescents
and young adults (12–30 years) in Taipei from a population-
based sample to participate in this cardiovascular disease
prevention examination. Each participant was subjected to
interviews and biological sample collection to determine the
relationship between cardiovascular and endocrine/metabolic
biomarkers and concentrations of environmental pollutants,
including phthalates, PFCs, and bisphenol A.
The YOung TAiwanese Cardiovascular Cohort (YOTA) study
have demonstrated serum levels of perfluorononanoic acid
(PFNA) positively associated with serum adiponectin and
free thyroxin. Another result found that serum levels of
perfluorooctane sulfate (PFOS) and PFNA associated with
carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Recently, we started
to investigate the health effects of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
(DEHP) exposure by measuring urinary phthalate metabolites
and we found a significantly positive association between
urinary mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and endothelial
microparticles (EMPs) and platelet microparticles (PMPs).
Furthermore, we found a positive association between PFOS
and CIMT that was more evident when serum levels of EMPs
(CD31+/CD42a−) and PMPs (CD31+/CD42a+) were elevated.
Another study in middle-aged Taiwanese adults, we also
demonstrated serum PFOS may disturb glucose homeostasis
and increase the risk of diabetes.
In conclusion, we have demonstrated phthalates and PFCs
play the role of EDCs that significantly influenced the risk of
type 2 diabetes and subclinical CVD. The positive relationship
between emergent biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and
EDCs provides a possible mechanistic link between EDCs and
cardiovascular health. Amore clear and rigid regulation for the
use of DEHP and PFOS should be highly recommended.
Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes—
Clinical and Translational
S08-1
Basic science of diabetic cardiomyopathy – a mechanism and
role of mitochondria dysfunction
Ping H. WANG1. 1UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of
California, Irvine, CA, USA
Speech Abstracts / Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 120S1 (2016) S1–S39 S11